Contribution to the fauna of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, with description of four new species

: Four new species of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera) are described and twenty-three species are recorded, of which seven species are newly recorded from the Andaman Islands (India). The new species described are: Ageniaspis montanus Hayat, sp. nov., Coccidencyrtus jazirah Hayat, sp. nov., Ooencyrtus zenon Hayat, sp. nov. and Paraphaenodiscus nesiotes Hayat, sp. nov. The following five genera are recorded for the first time from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Ageniaspis Dahlbom, Amicencyrtus Hayat, Helegonatopus Perkins, Indaphycus Hayat and Paraphaenodiscus Girault.


INTRODUCTION
The fauna of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) until recently was poorly known.In recent years, Manickavasagam and Rameshkumar (2013) and Hayat andVeenakumari (2013, 2014a, b) added several genera and species.This paper is a continuation of our contributions to the encyrtid fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.We record 23 species, of which seven species are newly recorded from Andaman Islands, and describe four new species.Further, five genera are also newly recorded from these islands.The total number of known species now stands at 82 in 46 genera (see list of species of Encyrtidae from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands given in this paper).Hayat (2006) is followed for terminology, except for the use of the terms 'mesosoma' for the thorax plus propodeum and 'metasoma' for the petiole plus gaster.Only body lengths are given in millimetres; other measurements are relative, taken from the divisions of a linear scale of a micrometer placed in the eye piece of a stereozoom binocular microscope for card mounted specimens at 10× zoom 8 magnification (1 division = 0.001234 mm), and placed in the eye piece of a compound microscope at either 100× magnification (1 division = 0.00988 mm) or at 400× magnification (1 division = 0.0025 mm) as noted in the text.

METHODS
Citations to the species are not given as these are available in Hayat (2006) and later publications.Under "Records of species", citations to the first record of or description of a species based on material from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is not given as this is provided in the "List of Encyrtidae from Andaman and Nicobar Islands".The genera and species newly recorded from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are, however, indicated in square brackets following the name of the species.
The following abbreviations are used: ANI = Andaman and Nicobar Islands.This abbreviation is used on the data labels of the specimens.

Female
Holotype.Length, 0.86 mm.Head dark brown with bluish shine.Antenna with radicle dark brown; scape dark brown with apex white; pedicel dark brown with apex white; funicle segments, in outer aspect, infuscate brown, with lower two-thirds of F1 and lower third of F2, white; in inner aspect, F1 and F2 same as in outer aspect, but F4-F6 largely white except brown margins; clava brown.Mesosoma dark brown; mesothoracic dorsum matt.Wings hyaline.Fore leg with coxa dark brown; trochanter white; femur dark brown with base and apex white; tibia brown with base and apical half white.Mid leg with coxa dark brown; trochanter white; femur dark brown with base and apex white; tibia white with a dark brown sub-basal band.Hind leg with coxa dark brown; trochanter white; femur dark brown; tibia in about basal three-fifths dark brown and apical two-fifths white.Metasoma dark brown; ovipositor sheaths dark brown.
The genus Ageniaspis Dahlbom is newly recorded from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Mesosoma.Pronotum with irregular, transversely elongate, reticulate sculpture; mesoscutum with raised, small, longitudinally elongate reticulations, the cells slightly larger posteriorly, but appearing finely lineolate reticulate at lower magnifications (Fig. 10); scutellum in a triangular area with deep polygonal, longitudinally elongate reticulations, the cells in posterior third larger, and aciculate, laterally in about anterior half with lineolate reticulate sculpture, but sides and apex smooth (Fig. 11); setae brown; pronotal collar with a line of setae, with one seta at each posterolateral corner long; mesoscutum with 24 setae; each axilla with 2 setae; scutellum with 3 + 3 setae; scutellar sensilla located in about anterior third of scutellum.Fore wing 2.42× as long as broad; costal cell with a line of setae on distal half of dorsal surface, and ventral surface with two lines of setae in proximal half which become one line is distal half; venation as in Fig. 13; linea calva closed posteriorly and interrupted by setae; proximal to linea calva setae hyaline, except brown setae in about anterior third (Fig. 13).Hind wing 4.38× as long as broad; marginal fringe 0.4× wing width.Relative measurements (slide, at 100×): mid tibia length, 23; mid basitarsus length, 8; mid tibial spur length, 6.5.Metasoma (Fig. 12 Etymology: Arabic, jazirah = island, and may be taken as a noun in apposition.
The new species, C. jazirah Hayat, sp.nov., runs to C. australis in the key to species given by Noyes and Ren (1987) because of similar colour of the legs, but based on the original description given by Girault (1915: 132) and the key characters given by Noyes and Ren (1987), the new species differs from C. australis by the following characters: antennal pedicel less than half the length of funicle; F1-F3 combined 1.75× as long as broad; clava shorter than pedicel and funicle combined.In C. australis: pedicel over half the length of funicle; F1-F3 combined a little longer than wide; clava a little longer than pedicel and funicle combined.Details of sculpture of the mesoscutum and scutellum, and relative lengths of the ovipositor, third valvula and mid tibia are not known for Girault's species.

Etymology:
The species name is an arbitrary combination of letters, and may be taken as a noun in apposition.
The genus Paraphaenodiscus is newly recorded from Andaman and Nicobar Islands.